Thulasi

Botanical name:
ocimum sanctum,Family(Lamiaceae)

Botany

An erect and herbaceous branched plant, 1 meter high or less. Stems are 

covered with spreading hairs. Leaves are oblong-ovate and 2 to 4-5 cm long, with 

pointed or blunt tips, somewhat toothed margins. Flowers are pink or purplish,

 about 7 mm long, borne on racemes 5 to 14 cm long. Corolla is small. 

Nutlets rounded or broadly oblong, slightly compressed and smooth.

Distribution

Found throughout India

Parts utilizedwhole plant Properties and constituentsUsed as a mosquito repellant  in India and South Africa. Leaves yield a volatile oils or methyl homo anisic acid,  plus cineol and linalool. Seed decoction used as demulcent. Leaves are expectorant and stomachic. Considered to possess antifertility, anticancer, antidiabetic,  antifungal, antimicrobial, hepatoprotective, cardioprotective,  antiemetic, antispasmodic, analgesic actions. Eugenol (1-hydroxy-2-methoxy-4-allybenzene), the active constituent,  considered to be largely responsible for its therapeutic potential. UsesOthers It is the most sacred plant in Hindu religion.  In Malaya, leaves are eaten sparingly as salad., but not used  for flavoring foods. Folkloric Decoction of leaves used for aromatic baths. Decoction of roots and leaves used for gonorrhea. Used for rheumatic baths. Dried plant used for croup, diarrhea, catarrh, bronchitis and diarrhea. Decoction of roots used as diaphoretic for malarial fevers. Leaf juice used for earache. Infusion of leaves as stomachic and hepatic infections. Fresh juice iinduces vomitiing and expels worms. Mixed with honey, ginger and onion juice, used as expectorant  for bronchitis and coughs. In Java, used to increase milk secretion. In India, leaf juice traditionally used for cough, bronchitis, asthma,  malaria, dysentery, stress situations, worm infestations, superficial fungal infections, and as diuretic. Studies • Radioprotective: The radioprotective effects of two flavonoids,  orientin and vicenin from the leaves of OS were studied by  evaluating chromosome aberration in bone marrow cells of  irradiated mice. Results suggest ocimum flavonoids may  be promising for human radiationn protection. • Hypoglycemic:In a study, one of 24 of 30 medicinal plants, OS showed  significant blood glucose lowering activity. • Anti-anxiety: Ethanolic extract study showed leaves possess  anti-anxiety effects probably through a central nervous system pathway  that may involve the GABA-ergic system. Another study on  noise-induced changes in rats were normalized with  pretreatment with OS extract indicating its stress-alleviating effect.  • Anti-tussive: Study shows an antitussive effect probably by  central action mediated through both opiod and GABA-ergic system. • :Antibacterial: Study of ethanol extracts showed  antibacterial activity, greater in Gram positive bacter than gram-negative,  esp against B subtilis and S aureus; comparatively less than  Origanum majorana. Another study on OS essential oil showed  marked antibacterial efficiency against all bacteria tested, maximum  against S aureus and marked antibacterial efficacy against P mirabilis,  P aeruginosa, Klebsiella sp and E coli. • CNS-Protective: A study showed the ethanol leaf extract of  O sanctum to have a protective effect against haloperidol-iinduced  catalepsy and indicates that OS may be used to prevent drug-induced  extrapyramidal effects. • Antioxidant: A study showed the leaves of OS to possess  both superoxide and hydroxyl free radical scavenging effect  and attributes the antioxidant property to be responsible for its  hypoglycemic effect. • Myocardial Salvaging Effect: A study showed  Ocimum sanctum has cardioprotecdtive effects against  ISP-induced myocardial necrosis probably through improved  ventricular function, augmentation of endogenous antioxidants  and suppression of oxidative stress. • Anti-cancer activity: Administration of aqueous and ethanolic  extracts of Ocimum sanctum to mice with sarcomatous tumor resulted  in a significant reduction in tumor volume and increase in lifespan. • Anti-Fertility / Abortifacient: Leaves of O sanctum are said to be  abortifacient in women. The benzene and petroleum ether extracts of  leaves have been reported to produce 80% to 60% antifertility activity  in female rats. In male rats, benzene extract of leaves has been reported  to re4duce spermatogenesis by retarding sertoli cell activity. • Anti-Ulcer activity: Study showed the extract of OS possess  antiulcerogenic properties with reduction of the ulcer index, free and  total acidity in rats. Seven days of treatment increased mucous secretion. • Antidiabetic activity: A study indicated OS leaf extracts to have  stimulatory effects on physiological pathways of insulin secretion  to explain its antidiabetic action. • Hepatoprotective activity: A study showed the leaf extract of  OS to have a hepatoprotective effect on hepatotoxicty induced by  antitubercular drugs. The exact mechanism has not been defined,  but OS antioxidant activity seems to be the most important  mode of its hepatoprotective effect. • Eugenol: Ocimum sanctum is a cheaper source for the commercial  extraction of eugenol. The aerial parts (leaves, flowers and stems)  contain essential oils with good percentage of eugenol. The use  of O sanctum in the treatment of gastric ulcer has been attributed to  the antiulcerogenic action of eugenol and essential oil from leaves. It has also been shown to be immunostimulant. • Anti-Noise / Stress Alleviating: Study of ethanolic extract on  noise stress induced changes in albino rats – leukopenia, increased  corticosterone levels and enhanced neutrophil functions as indicated  by increase in Candida phagocytosis and NBT reduction, showed  normalization of the altered values by pretreatment with O S extract

Some more useful herbal plants

 Boerhavia diffusa (Punarnava)
Parts used - Root and leaves
Uses – The root and leaves of Punarnava is used in the form of juice
and decoction to treat anaemia, oedema, internal abscess, calculi,
eye diseases, oedema during pregnancy, haemoptysis, for inducing
sleep, fever, rheumatic ailments, difficult labour, vaginal pain and
as rejuvinative.
Oedema
1. Paste of punarnava, sunthi (zingiber officinale) and mustaka
(Cyperus rotundus) should be taken in dose of 10gm with
milk 640ml (CS.Ci.12.23)
2. Punarnava, guduci (Tinospora cordifolia) and guggulu
(Commiphora mukul) pounded in equal quantity alleviates
oedema, abdominal distension, (5-10 gms)(HS.3.25.14)
Eye diseases
Punarnava root powder or the paste removes itching, when
taken with milk, honey, ghee respectively,(5-10 gms)
(BP.Ci.63.210)
As Rasayana
As a rejuvinative therapy, paste of fresh punarnava 20gm,
with milk continually more than a month (AH.U.39.155).
. Boswellia serrata (Sallaki)
Parts used – Bark, gum-resin
Uses – The bark and gum-resin of Sallaki is used to treat asthma,
dysentery, ulcer, haemorrhoid, skin diseases, fever, convulsions,
dysentery, , bronchitis, asthma, cough, stomatitis, syphilitic
diseases, chronic laryngitis, jaundice and arthritis.


Conjunctivitis
The exudates of sallaki mixed with sugar and honey should
be applied over to eyes in conjunctivitis (SS.U.10.7)
Joint pain
Powder of the sallaki mixed (60 gms) with coconut oil and
made into a paste is applied externally to relieve pain (LHT)
. Buchanania lanzan (Priyala )
Parts used – Seed kernel, bark
Uses – The seed kernel and bark of Priyala is used in the form of
decoction to treat intrinsic haemorrhage, diarrhoea with blood and
as tonic.
As tonic
Grown up child who has left the breast-milk should be given
sweet bolus prepared of priyala (kernels),
madhuka,(Glycyrrhiza glabra) honey, parched paddy and
sugar candy. It acts as saturating and tonic (AH.U.139)
Kernels of the priyala made into a powder and used with milk
as an aphrodisiac, in case of fever and burning sensation.
Dysentry
powder of the bark mixed with honey is useful in dysentery
with blood.
(CK)
 Butea monosperma ( Palasa )
Parts used – Root, leaves, petioles, flowers, seeds and exudate.
Uses – The Root, leaves, petioles, flowers, seeds and exudate in the
form of juice and powder to treat fever, diarrhoea, intrinsic
haemorrhage, worms, colic, cough, filaria, eye diseases, scorpionsting,
as contraceptive and as rejuinative.
Worms
1. Decoction of palasa seed or paste of the same with ricewater
should be taken (40-60 ml)(SS.U.54.25)
2. Decoction of palasa seeds mixed with honey or paste of the
same with buttermilk should be taken. It destroys worms
(40-60 ml) (VM.7.7; BP.Ci.7.21)


conjunctivitis
1. Flowers of palasa should be rubbed with honey and used as
collyrium (SS.U.10.9)
2. Exudate of palasa or sallaki (Boswellia serrata) mixed with
sugar and honey should be used as collyrium (SS.U.10.7)
.Caesalpinia bonduc (Latakaranja)
Parts used – Seed
Uses – The seeds of Latakaranja is used in the form of powder and
paste to treat pain , indigestion, dysentery, piles, worms, cough,
diabetes and skin diseases.
Colic pain / abdominal distention /Gulma
Decoction of latakaranaja, sunthi (zingiber officinale) and
rasna (Alpinia galanga) in 4, 2 and 6 parts respectively
alleviates, abdominal distention, hardness of bowels, and colic
(vD.8.16)
 Cassia digyna (Grtakaranja)
parts used: root
useful in wound healing, piles, worms, skin diseases and diabetes.
Cassia absus (Arnya kulatha)
 Cassia fistula (Aragvadha )
Parts used – Fruit-pulp, root-bark and leaves
Uses – The fruit-pulp, root-bark and leaves of Aragvadha is used in
the form of fruit-pulp, decoction to treat fever, jaundice, diabetes,
skin diseases, wound, rheumatic ailments, erysipelas, wound due
to accident,.
Jaundice
Aragvadha, in the dose of 40gm, should be taken with juice of
sugarcane, vidari (ipomoea digitata) (AH.Ci.16.41)
Skin diseases (Kustha)
1. Leaves of aragvadha, kakamaci (Solanum nigrum) and karanja
(Pongamia pinnata) are pounded with buttermilk and applied as
anointment after smearing with oil the part affected with skin
diseases (20-30 gms) (CS.Su.3.17)


2. Ghee is cooked with root (bark) of aragvadha and taken with
decoction of khadira (acacia catechu). (AH.Ci.19.13). The
decoction of the bark is used internally and externally in skin
diseases. (40-60 ml)
3. Leaves of aragvadha are pounded with sour gruel and applied on
the part in case of ring worm and skin diseases (10-15 gms)
(VM.49.9;also BS.kustha63)
 Cassia senna (Svarnapatri )
Parts used – Leaves
Uses – The leaves of Svarnapatri are used to treat constipation,
abdominal diseases, leprosy, skin diseases, leucoderma,
splenomegaly, hepatopathy, jaundice, helminthiasis, dyspepsia,
cough, bronchitis, anaemia, tumour.
 Cassia tora (Cakramarda)
Parts used – Seed, root, leaf
Uses- the seed, root and leaf of Cakramarda are used in the form of
paste and oil to treat skin diseases, rheumatic ailments.
Skin diseases (Kustha)
Cakramarda, vidanga (Embelia ribes), haridra (curcuma
longa), daruharidra (Coscinium fenestratum) aragvadha
(cassia fistula) and kustha (sassurea lappa) –as a paste, this
combination is excellent for eradicating skin diseases (10-15
gms) (CS.Ci.7.161)
Rheumatic ailments (Vatavyadhi)
Vegetable or other dietary preparation of cakramarda leaves
alleviates rheumatic ailments (SB.4.461)
 Catharanthus roseus
(Sadampuspa/nityakalyani)
Parts used – Whole plant
Uses – The whole plant of Sadampuspa is used to
treat diabetes, menorrhagia, leukemia and stomach-ache


Catunargam spinosa (Madana)
Parts used – Fruits, bark
Uses – The fruit and bark of Madana is used to treat fever,
diarrhoea, dysentery, bruises, cuts, pain, sprain, inflammation,
gout, helminthiasis, leprosy, skin diseases, wound, ulcer, tumour,
amenorrhoea, dysmenorrhoea, cough, asthma, bronchitis,
flatulence, colic and constipation.
For emesis
Fruits of madana is used as one of the best emetic drug
particularly useful in fever, abdominal distention, and skin
diseases of kapha predominant (CS.KA.1., Ah.Ka.1.)
 Celastrus paniculatus (Jyotismati)
Parts used – Leaf, seed and oil
Uses – The leaf and seed of Jyotismati is used in the form of powder
and oil to treat udara roga, wound, sidhma, drowsiness in fever and
amenorrhoea.
Skin diseases (eczema /Sidhma)
Jyotismati oil processed with water of apamarga-ksara
(Achyranthes aspera ) processed seven times. By massaging
it destroys eczema (AH.Ci.19.75)
Amenorrhoea
Japa (hibiscus rosa-sinensis ) flowers with sour gruel and fried
jyotismati leaves, by intake, induce menstruation (CD.62.25)
 Centella asiatica ( Mandukaparni)
Parts used – Whole plant
Uses – The whole plant of Mandukaparni is used in the form of juice
to treat cough, consumption, diseases of voice, insanity, as intellect
promoting, rejuvinatuve, boils, chronic coryza, and jaundice.


As intellect-promoting Rasayana
Juice of mandhukaparni, is used with milk. This is life-giving,
destroys diseases and promoters of strength, digestive power,
complexion and voice. (CS.Ci.1.3.30-31)
Regularly intake of mandukarparni fried in ghee for a month
keeping on non-cereal acts as rejuvinative (AH.U.36.165)
Boils
Local application of the juice of mandukaparni destroys boils
(GN.4.1.119)
Jaundice
Juice of mandukaparni mixed with honey, haridra (curcuma longa),
amalaki(Phyllanthus emblica) or milk and taken in morning is
wholesome for those suffering from jaundice (VD.10.2)
 Chlorophytum borivilianum (Sveta Musali )
Parts used – Root
Used – The root of Musali is used in the form of powder to treat
freckles, deafness and as aphrodisiac.
Refer Musali, Curculigo orchioides
. Citrullus colocynthis (Indravaruni)
Parts used – Root and fruits
Uses – The root and fruits of Indravaruni is used in the form of
powder to treat jaundice, for cleansing wound, for extraction of
foreign body, scrotal enlargement, warts, alopecia, greying of hair,
arthritis, amenorrhoea and for inducing abortion, for inducing
vaginal secretion and insanity.
Jaundice
In jaundice, root of indravaruni made into powder and
mixed with jaggery is useful (SS.U.44.30)
Arthritis
The root of indravaruni should be mixed with pippali
(piper longum) and jaggery and taken in the dose of
10gm. It alleviates arthritis (BP.Ci.24.259)
. Cochlospermum religiosum
(Girisalmalika,Silakarpasika)
Parts used – Leaves, flowers and gum
Uses – The leaves, flowers and gum of Girisalmalika is used to
treat cough, diarrhoea, dysentery, pharyngitis, gonorrhoea,
syphilis and trachoma.
 Coleus forskohii (Gandera)
may be compared to uses of Coleus vettiveroides/which is
HRIBERA
Parts used – Whole plant
Uses – The whole plant of Valakah is used to treat dyspepsia,
indigestion, dysentery, vomiting, thirst fever, dermatitis, ulcer and
bleeding diseases.
Paediatric disorders
Water processed with hribera and sunthi (zingiber officinale)
should be given to drink (CS.Ci.19.22) in Paediatric disorders
like diarrhoea, thirst, vomiting and fever in children Hribera
mixed with sugar and honey and taken with rice-water
(BS.balaraga.47)
 Curculigo orchioides (Musali )
Part used – Tuberous root
Uses – The tuberous root of musali is used in the form of powder
and decoction to treat retention of urine, as rejuvinative and as
aphrodisiac.
As Rasayana
Satavari(asparagus racemosus), mundi(Sphaeranthus indicus ),
guduci (Tinospora cordifolia), hastikarnapalasa (Butea
monosperma) and musali all in equal parts are powdered. It is
mixed with ghee or honey and taken. It acts as rejuvinative and
promotes body tissues and strength (10-15 gms) (BP.Ci.73.11-
12)
AS aphrodisiac
Regular use of the powder of krsna musali (talamuli) mixed
with ghee acts as aphrodiasiac (10-15 gms) (VV.4.8)
 Cyperus rotundus (Mustaka)
Parts used – Rhizomes
Uses – The rhizomes of Mustaka is used in the form of powder and
decoction to treat fever, diarrhoea, erysipelas, rheumatic ailments,
alcoholism, loose teeth, cough, vomiting, thirst, epilepsy, wound
due to accident and eye diseases
Fever
Water boiled with musta, parpata (Fumaria indica ), usira
(Vetiveria zizanioides ), candana, (Santalum album)
balaka(Coleus vettiveroides ) , and sunthi (zingiber officinalis)
and cooled should be given to improve digestion and to pacify
thirst and fever (CS.Ci.3.145)
Diarrhoea
Musta rhizomes (60 gms) should be boiled in milk with three
times reduces to milk its intake checks diarrhoea with mucus and
pain (10-15 gms) (SS.U.40.47; AH.Ci.9.39,)
Arthritis (Vatarakta)
In kapha predominant arthritis decoction of musta, draksa
(Vitis vinifera) and haridra (curcuma longa) mixed with honey
should be taken. (AH.Ci.22.14)
Wound
Root of musta pounded finely with cows ghee is applied as
paste on the wound (5-10 gms) (Cd.44.53) to promote quick
healing.
 Decalepis hamiltonii (Sveta sariva)
Part used – Root
Uses – The root of Sariva is used in the form of powder and
infusion to treat wound, bronchial asthma, fever, intrinsic
haemorrhage, kushtha, erysipelas, poisoning, paediatric
rejuvinative/rasayana and during pregnancy.
Refer Hemidesmus indicus


 Eclipta prostrata (Bhrngaraja )
Parts used – Whole plant, seed
Uses – The whole plant and seeds of Bhrngaraja is used in the form
of oil, powder and juice to treat filariasis, boils, wound, headache,
giddyness, lack of vision, indigestion, enlargement of liver and
spleen, jaundice, pain in the abdomen, cough, skin diseases, skin
diseases and fever.
Greying of hairs
Oil 160ml is cooked with the juice of bhrngaraja and milk 1.28
litres along with the paste of madhuka (Glycyrrhiza glabra )
40gm. This is used ad snuff and applied on head to prevent
greying of hairs (CS.Ci.26.267)
Rejuvinative / rasayana
Intake of powder containing bhrngaraja leaves, black
sesamum, amalaka (Phyllanthus emblica) and sugar in equal
quantity acts as rejuvinative/ rasayana (10-15 gms)
(BS.rasayana.369)
 Embelia ribes (Vidanga)
Parts used – Fruits and root
Uses – The fruits and root of Vidanga is used in the form of powder
and paste to treat worms, heart-diseases, skin diseases, pollution of
earth, headache, jaundice, poisoning and as rejuvinative.
Worms
1. Vidanga excels as anthelmintic and is used in food and
drinks, bath, fumigation and anointment. (CS.Ci.7.159)
2.Warm decoction of vidanga and aragvadha (cassia fistula)
should be given to those suffering from worms (3\40-60 ml)
(AS.U.49.91)
Diabetes
Powder of vidanga, triphala (Phyllanthus emblica, Terminalia
chebula, Terminalia bellerica) and pippali (piper longum)
taken with honey destroys skin diseases, worms, diabetes,
sinus and fistula-in-ano (10-15 gms) (SSR.12.33)

Some Useful Herbal Plants

1. Abelmoschus moschatus (Latakasturika)
Parts used – Root, seed and leaves
Latakasturika is aphrodisiac, digestive, beneficial for eyes, diuretic,
relieves thirst, useful in diseases of mouth, and bladder. (Bp.
Su.su.46)
Bad breath
Seeds of latakasturika are chewed in case of tastelessness
and bad breath. (5-10 gms)
Respiratory disorders
In case of excessive phlegm in respiratory disorders,
decoction of the seeds are used. (30 gms for decoction)
2. Abrus precatorius (Gunja )
Parts used – Root, seed and leaves
Uses – The root, seed and leaves of Gunja is used in the form of
powder to treat avabahuka(frozen shoulder), gandamala(scrofula),
dental caries, baldness, dandruff, for promoting growth of ear
lobes, erysipelas and skin diseases.
Dental caries
Root of gunja made into a paste is applied on affected parts
(5-10 gms). It relieves the pain caused by dental caries
(RM.5.13)
Dandruff
Oil cooked with gunja seeds along with bhrngaraja(Eclipta
alba) in case of itching, dandruff and other diseases of scalp
(10-15 ml)(VM.57.70)


3. Acacia sinuata (saptala)
Parts used: fruits
Useful in skin diseases, ulcers, swelling, stomatitis, and it is
laxative.
Laxative
Ghee prepared with the root is used as a laxative in chronic
cases of skin diseases, rheumatic disorders and body swelling.
(10 ml)(Ch.ci.28)
4. Achyranthes aspera (Apamarga )
Parts used – Root, seed and leaf
Uses – The root, seed and leaf of Apamarga is used in the form of
juice and powder to treat excessive hunger, piles, , calculi, wound,
difficult labour, sinus, wound due to accident, eye diseases, ear
diseases, diseases pertaining to head, dog-bite, , abdominal pain,
jaundice, insomnia, pain in vagina.
Piles
Apamarga, nagakesara (Mesua ferrea) , satavari (asparagus
racemosus) and vasa (adhatoda vasica) decoction cures
bleeding piles (40-60ml) (VD.5.8)
Dysuria
Apamarga root powder (10-15 gms) taken with milk
overcomes dysuria (VD.7.4)
Accidental wounds
Oil cooked with apamarga root along with water is applied
locally to relieve pain caused by accidental injuries (10-15
gms) (RM.26.7)
Abdominal pain
Ghee cooked with decoction of apamarga and paste of pippali
(piper longum)relieves abdominal pain (10 ml) (SY.ghrta.5)
5. Acorus calamus (Vaca)
Part used – Rhizomes
Uses – The rhizomes of Vaca is use in the form of powder, paste
and decoction to treat diarrhoea, epilepsy, oedema, scrotal
enlargement, skin diseases, headache, alopecia, wound, eye


diseases, colic, piles, indigestion, acid gastritis, heart-diseases, ratpoisoning,
diseases of mouth and as rejuvinative.
Diarrhoea
One suffering from diarrhoea should take water boiled with
vaca and prativisa (aconitum)(60-120 ml)(CS.Ci.19.22)
Epilepsy
a) Old ghee processed with brahmi juice (Bacopa monnieri),
vaca, kustha (sassurea lappa)and snakhapuspi (convolvulus
microphyllus) alleviates insanity, and epilepsy (10-20
ml)(CS.Ci 10.25)
c) By using vaca powder (10-15gms) with honey keeping on diet
of milk and rice overcomes epilepsy, VM.21.9)
Headache
In suryavartta and hemicrania pressed snuff of vaca and pippali
(2-5 gms) and honey is useful (SS.U 26.33; also VM 62.38)
Acid gastritis
One should take vaca (5-10 gms) mixed with honey and jaggery
(GN 2.38.25)
6. Adhatoda beddomei (Vasa)
Parts used – Root, leaves and flower
Uses – The root, leaves and flowers of Vasa is used in the form of
juice and decoction to treat fever, intrinsic haemorrhage, cough,
asthma, consumption, skin diseases, obesity, oedema, skin
diseases, leucorrhoea, difficult labour,
vomiting, piles, pox, retention of urine, diseases of mouth and as
rejuvinative.
Fever and cough
Decoction of vasa. Kantakari (solanum xanthocarpum) and
guduci (tinospora cordifolia )mixed with honey alleviates fever
and cough. (40-60 ml) (S.G 2.2.82)
Decoction of vasa, draksa (Vitis vinifera) and haritaki (Terminalia
chebula)mixed with sugar and honey checks cough, asthma and
intrinsic haemorrhage (40-60 ml) (VM.9.13; also SG2.2.80)


Dry cough
Powder of haridra (curcuma longa) cooked with vasa juice and
taken with fatty layer of milk checks dry cough (10-15 ms)
(SB.4.333)
Jaundice (kamala)
Juice of vasa mixed with honey should be taken. It alleviates
fever, cough, wasting, jaundice, kapha and pitta (10-20 ml)
(SG.2.1.8,34)
Sciatica
One should take decoction of vasa, sunthi (zingiber officinale)
and aragvadha (cassia fistula) mixed with castor oil. It is useful
in sciatica (40-60 ml) (BS. 587; BP.Ci.24.140)
7. Aegle marmelos (Bilva)
Parts used – Fruit, leaves and root
Uses – The fruit, leaves and root of Bilva is used in the form of
powder, juice and decoction to treat diarrhoea, sprue, piles,
oedema, jaundice, vomiting, obesity, deafness, eye diseases,
paediatric diseases, fever and as a rejuvinative.
Diarrhoea
1. To treat diarrhoea by taking tender fruits of bilva with honey or
butter milk (10-20 gms) (CS.Ci.19.113)
2. In case of diarrhoea with blood, tender fruits of bilva mixed with
liquid jaggery, honey and oil should be taken. (10-20 gms) (SS.
U.40.119)
3. Decoction of bilva and amra (Mangifera indica) (seed) mixed with
honey and sugar checks vomiting and diarrhoea (10-15
gms)(VM.3.30)
Jaundice
Intake of bilva leaves (juice) mixed with trikatu (piper longum,
piper nigrum, zingiber officinale )alleviates jaundice, (20
ml)(CS.Ci.16.59)


Vomiting
1. Cooled decoction of bilva or guduci (Tinospora cordifolia)added
with honey should be taken in case of vomiting (40-60 ml)
(VM.15.15; BP.Ci.17.25)
2. Perched paddy mixed with sugar and dissolved in decoction of
bilva root (bark) should administered to the child. It checks
vomiting and diarrhoea (40 –60ml) (BS balaroga.49)
8. Aloe barbadensis (Kumari )
Parts used – Leaf and root
Uses – The leaf and root of Kumari is used in the form of juice to
treat spleen enlargement, epilepsy, penile wart, difficult micturition,
inflammation in penis, abscess, jaundice, abdominal distensions,
mastitis, headache and amenorrhoea.
Epilepsy
Ghee cooked with kumari juice and decoction of madhuka
(Glycyrrhiza glabra) and added with sugar is useful in
epilepsy and palpitation of heart (10-15 ml) (SB.4.453)
Abscess
Kumari decocted with tila (gingly oil) and sour gruel or alone
ripens the abscess (10-20 gms)(VD.16.101)
Abdominal distention/
One suffering from gulma should swallow the pulp of kumari
(aloe vera) 5gm mixed with cow-ghee and added with fine
powder of trikatu,(piper longum, piper nigrum, zingiber
officinale) haritaki (Terminalia chebula) and saindhava (rock
salt) (10-15 gms) (BP.Ci.32.44)
Mastitis
Kumari root mixed with haridra (curcuma longa) is applied as
paste on breast to relieve pain ( 10-15 gms) (GN.6.8.23)
9. Andrographis paniculata (Bhunimba )
Parts used – Whole plant
Uses – The whole plant of Kiratatikta is used in the form of powder
and decoction to treat fever, sprue, oedema, for purifying breastmilk,
intrinsic haemorrhage, vomiting.


fever
Hot infusion of kiratatikta mixed with dhanyaka(Coriandrum
sativum) leaves alleviates fever immediately (40-60ml)
(SB.4.32)
Oedema
Paste of kiratatikta and sunthi (zingiber officinale) destroys
chronic oedema (10-15 gms) (CS.Ci.12.42)
10. Anogeissus latifolia (dhava)
Parts used. Bark, resin
useful in diabetes, piles anaemia, digestive, improves taste.
Skin diseases
Bark is made into a paste and applied on affected parts ( as
required)(ch.ci.11)
Ear inflammation
Oil prepared with the bark is used as an ear drop in case of
ear inflammation (3-5 drops) (su.ut.21)
11. ASPARAGUS RACEMOSUS (Satavari)
Part used – Root
Uses – The root of Satavari is used in the form of juice, paste,
decoction and powder to treat intrinsic haemorrhage, diarrhoea,
piles, hoarseness of voice, cough, arthritis, poisoning, diseases of
female genital tract, erysipelas, fever, as aphrodisiac and as
rejuvinative.
As rejuvinative/ Rasayana
Ghee cooked with paste and decoction of satavari and added
with sugar is used as a rejuvinative (AH.U.39.157)
As galactagogue / increases breast milk
Satavari pounded and taken with milk increases the flow of
breast-milk (10-20 gms) (YR.P.427)


12. AZADIRACHTA INDICA (Nimba)
Parts used – All parts
Uses – The all parts of Nimba are used in the form of juice and
decoction to treat fever, intrinsic haemorrhage, bleeding piles,
wound, oedema, , arthritis, skin diseases, diabetes, eye diseases,
leucorrhoea, as, poisons, jaundice, for fumigation, diseases of
teeth, heart diseases, as specific digestive and diseases of vagina.
Skin diseases (Kustha)
1. The decoction of nimba and patola (Trichosanthes cucumerina)is
efficacious in skin diseases (40-60 ml) (CS.Ci.7.97-99)
2. Intake of haritaki (terminalia chebula)and nimba or nimba and
amalaka (Phyllanthus emblica) for a month overcomes all types
of skin diseases (40-60 ml) (GN.2.36.87)
3.Local application of the juice of dhattura (Datura metal) , nimba
and betel leaves separately destroys skin diseases such as eczema,
ring worms etc. (10-20 gms) (SG.3.11.52-53)
Diabetes (Prameha)
1. Decoction of bark, leaves, root fruit and flowers of nimba
aragvadha, (cassia fistula) saptaparna,(Alstonia scholaris)
murva (Maerua arenaria) kutaja (Holarrhena antidysenterica) ,
katphala (Gmelina arborea) and palasa (Butea monosperma)
destroys all types of diabetes (40-60 ml) (SS.Ci.11.8)
Wounds
1. Decoction of nimba leaves cleans the wound (120 ml)(CS.CS.
25.84)
2. Nimba leaf mixed with honey acts as cleansing agent. Both of
them added with ghee promote healing (10-15 gms)
(SS.Ci.1.68)
3. Paste of nimba leaves and sesamum mixed with honey cleanses
wound while mixed with ghee it acts as healing agent. (10-15
gms)(VM.44.28)
4. The paste of nimba leaves, by external application, cleanses and
heals wound while it intake it alleviated vomiting, skin diseases
disorders of pitta and kapha and worms (10-15 gms) (SG.2.5.5)


13. Bacopa monnieri (Brahmi)
Parts used – whole plant
Uses – The whole plant of Brahmi is used in the form of juice to
treat insanity,
epilepsy, paediatric diseases, pox and as a rejuvinative.
Mental disorders
Brahmi, kusmanda(Benincasa hispida ) and sankhapuspi
((convolvulus microphyllus ) separately mixed with kustha
(Saussurea lappa) and honey is used in mental disorders (10-15
gms) (VM.20.3; SG.2.1.18)
Epilepsy
1. Old ghee processed with brahmi juice, vaca(Acorus calamus) ,
kustha (Saussurea lappa) and sankhapuspi (convolvulus
microphyllus )alleviate insanity, inauspiciousness, and
epilepsy (10-15 gms) (CS.Ci.10.25)
To promote intellect
Juice of Brahmi, or mandukaparni(Centella asiatica) are be
taken with honey and ghee to promote intellect (10-15 ml)
(KS.P.5)
14. Baliospermum montanum (Danti)
Parts used – Root, leaves, seed and oil
Uses – The root, leaves, seed and seed oil is used in the form of
powder, seed and oil to treat piles, anaemia, jaundice, skin
diseases, cyst, as purgative, wound and conjunctivitis.
Piles (arasa)
Leaves of trivrt(ipomoea turpethum), danti(Baliospermum
montanum), cangeri(oxalis corniculata) and citraka(Plumbago
indica) fried in oil and ghee (mixed) and added with fatty
layer of curd should be given as vegetable (10-15 gms)
(CS.Ci.14.122)
Skin diseases (Kustha)
Danti (Baliospermum montanum), trivrt (ipomoea
turpethum)and brahmi (Bacopa monnieri) powder together
should be taken with honey and ghee. It is beneficial for skin
diseases, diabetes and numbness (10-15 gms) (AH.Ci.19.34)


15. Bixa orellana (Sinduri)
Parts used – Root, bark, seeds
Uses – The root, bark and seeds of Sinduri is used to treat
intermittent fever, gonorrhoea, as mosquito repellent, dysentery
and for colouring edible materials.
16. Boerhavia diffusa (Punarnava)
Parts used - Root and leaves
Uses – The root and leaves of Punarnava is used in the form of juice
and decoction to treat anaemia, oedema, internal abscess, calculi,
eye diseases, oedema during pregnancy, haemoptysis, for inducing
sleep, fever, rheumatic ailments, difficult labour, vaginal pain and
as rejuvinative.
Oedema
1. Paste of punarnava, sunthi (zingiber officinale) and mustaka
(Cyperus rotundus) should be taken in dose of 10gm with
milk 640ml (CS.Ci.12.23)
2. Punarnava, guduci (Tinospora cordifolia) and guggulu
(Commiphora mukul) pounded in equal quantity alleviates
oedema, abdominal distension, (5-10 gms)(HS.3.25.14)
Eye diseases
Punarnava root powder or the paste removes itching, when
taken with milk, honey, ghee respectively,(5-10 gms)
(BP.Ci.63.210)
As Rasayana
As a rejuvinative therapy, paste of fresh punarnava 20gm,
with milk continually more than a month (AH.U.39.155).